What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection?

Hand washing with soap and water is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection because it physically removes dirt, organic material, and pathogens from the skin's surface. The action of rubbing the hands together creates friction, which helps to dislodge germs. Additionally, soap breaks down the oils on the skin that can harbor bacteria and viruses, allowing them to be rinsed away. This method is particularly important in clinical settings, where exposure to various pathogens can occur frequently.

While antibacterial soap can help reduce bacteria on the skin, it may not be as effective as regular soap and water in removing all types of pathogens, especially if hands are visibly dirty or greasy. Wearing gloves is a critical practice in phlebotomy and healthcare settings, but it does not replace the need for hand hygiene. Gloves can become contaminated and can give a false sense of security if hand washing is neglected. Hand sanitizer is also an effective option when soap and water are not available, but it may not eliminate all types of germs, especially if hands are heavily soiled. Therefore, the comprehensive action of hand washing makes it the superior choice for infection prevention.